Device-based physical activity and late-life depressive symptoms: An analysis of influential factors using SHARE data

Background

Regular physical activity is effective for preventing and managing depression; however, only a few studies have assessed physical activity using device-based measures. We aimed to examine the association between device-based total physical activity and late-life depressive symptoms and explore which factors may explain this relationship.

Methods

Data from 10 European countries who participated in wave 8 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) were analyzed. Triaxial accelerometers (Axivity AX3; Axivity, Newcastle UK) were used to assess total physical activity. Depressive symptoms were assessed through the EURO-D scale. Possion regression models and mediation analysis were performed.

Results

The final sample included 785 older adults (70 participants had missing data in one or more variables and were excluded from the analysis) [mean (SD): age 68.6 (8.8) years; 59.2 % female]. After adjusting for several confounders, a 10 % increase in the mean acceleration was associated with lower depressive symptoms (B = −0.0228; 95%CI = −0.0395, −0.0061). This association was partly explained by limitations in activities of daily living and quality of life.

Limitations

Cross-sectional design, convenience sample, bi-directionality, lack of cutoff points for classification of the Axivity AX3 placed in the thigh, into intensities.

Conclusions

Higher device-based total physical activity was linked with lower depressive symptoms in older European adults. Future studies employing device-based measures that allow to better capture important physical activity dimensions (i.e., intensity) will better inform about dose-response relationships.